Illustration from Mundus Subterraneus (1664/1665) by Athanasius Kircher. --- Image by © Corbis
1660-1661 --- A plate from the cosmographical atlas Harmonia Macrocosmica by Andreas Cellarius. Scenography of the Copernican world system. --- Image by © Corbis
"Imperium Caroli Magni" (Map of the Empire of Charlemagne), 1657. Published in the Novus Atlas. Hand-colored engraving. 20.8 x 15 in (52.7 x 38.1 cm). Private collection. --- Image by © Corbis
Map of the Moon (Tabula Selenographica in qua Lunarium Macularum) by Johann Baptist Homann and Johann Gabriel Doppelmayr. 1742. Engraving. Private collection. The left hand image illustrates the mapping of Johannes Hevelius, the right that of Giovanni Battista Riccioli. --- Image by © Corbis
1685 double-hemisphere world map by Joachim Bormeester (Nova Totius Terrarum Orbis Tabula), 22 x 20 in (55.9 x 50.8 cm), hand-colored engraving, private collection. --- Image by © Corbis
1725 --- Map of the Northern Constellations by Sir James Thornhill --- Image by © Stapleton Collection/Corbis
1617 --- An illustration from Utriusque Cosmi (1617) by Robert Fludd, showing Fludd's conception of the world. --- Image by © Corbis
1590 --- A engraved map of the Americas with portraits of Christopher Columbus, Amerigo Vespucci, Ferdinand Magellan, and Francisco Pizarro by Theodor de Bry, published in de Bry's America. | Located in: Library of Congress. --- Image by © CORBIS
Heinrich Scherer (German, 1628-1704), magellanic world map entitled "Representatio Geographica Itineris Maritimi Navis Victoriae...," using north polar projection and showing the route of Magellan's circumnavigation. It also features the Victoria, the only remaining ship from Magellan's armada, and survivors of the voyage. Published in Scherer's Atlas Novus, circa 1700, hand-colored copperplate etching, 23 x 36 cm. Private collection. --- Image by © Corbis
ca. 1630 --- 17th-Century Map of Wales Engraved by Jodocus Hondius --- Image by © Stapleton Collection/Corbis
Double hemisphere map of the world by German cartographer Johanne Baptist Homann, circa 1716. --- Image by © Corbis
Copernican sun-centred (heliocentric) system of the universe, 1708. This shows the orbit of the Moon round the Earth, and the orbits of the Earth and planets round the Sun, including Jupiter and its moons, all surrounded by the 12 signs of the zodiac. The figure at bottom right is Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543). Prior to the work of Copernicus the Earth was considered to be the stationary centre of the universe, a notion first advocated by the Egyptian astronomer Ptolemy. From "Harmonia Macrocsmica" by Andreas Cellarius. (Amsterdam, 1708). Oxford Science Archive. --- Image by © Heritage Images/Corbis
Map of the Ancient World (Orbis Terrarus Veteribus Cogniti Typus Geographicus), 1650. Engraving, with place names in East Asia, Africa and the Mediterranean taken from the writings of Ptolemy. Private collection. --- Image by © Corbis
Map of the World with landscapes and mythological scenes, Amsterdam, 1689, hand-colored engraving, 48.3 x 56.0 cm, private collection. --- Image by © Corbis
1587 . Colored engraving. Private Collection --- Image by © The Gallery Collection/Corbis
ca. 1690 --- A hand-colored engraving by John Oliver and Richard Palmer of a map surveyed by John Sellar. --- Image by © Stapleton Collection/Corbis
ca. 1658 --- Nicholas Visscher's highly influential seventeenth-century map. The corners of the map are illustrated with classical scenes of the Four Elements. --- Image by © Fine Art Photographic Library/CORBIS
Engraving. 1831. Printed in London, England. --- Image by © Corbis
1595 --- Map of the Arctic by Gerardus Mercator --- Image by © Stapleton Collection/Corbis
1746 --- Map of the Americas by August Gottlieb Boehme --- Image by © Stapleton Collection/Corbis